Blood Test Free Essays

Step by step instructions to Quickly and Easily Understand Your Blood Tests Without A Medical Degree The Simplified Patient Reference Guide By Ronald J. Grisanti D. C. We will compose a custom exposition test on Blood Test or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now Cutoff points of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty The writer, Ronald Grisanti and distributer, Busatti Corporation have put forth their best attempt to create a high caliber, educational and accommodating book. The creator and Publisher make no portrayal or guarantees as for the precision, pertinence, wellness or culmination of the substance of this program. They acknowledge no risk of any sort for any misfortunes or harms caused or asserted to be caused straightforwardly or in a roundabout way, from utilizing the data contained in this book. This book isn't expected for use as a wellspring of any lawful or clinical guidance. The Publisher needs to push that the data contained thus might be liable to differing universal, government, state as well as neighborhood laws or guidelines. The buyer or peruser of this distribution accepts accountability for the utilization of these materials and data. All data is proposed for your general information just and is certifiably not a substitute for clinical counsel or treatment for explicit ailments. You should look for brief clinical consideration for a particular medical problems and counsel your doctor before beginning another wellness routine. The most effective method to Quickly and Easily Understand Your Blood Tests Without A Medical Degree Copyright  © 2004 Busatti Corporation All privilege saved overall Busatti Corporation and Ronald Grisanti own good, title, and enthusiasm for this distribution. No piece of this book might be recreated, appropriated, or transmitted in any structure, in entire or to a limited extent, or using any and all means, mechanical or electronic, including copying and recording, or by any data stockpiling and recovery framework, or transmitted by email, without consent recorded as a hard copy from the Publisher. 2 About the Author Dr. Ronald Grisanti is a rehearsing chiropractic doctor since 1981. Notwithstanding acquiring his doctorate in chiropractic medication, Dr. Grisanti is a Board Certified Chiropractic Orthopedist and Board Certified Sports Physician. He is by and by finishing his Master’s Degree in Nutrition from the University of Bridgeport. Moreover, Dr. Grisanti has had broad preparing in Functional Diagnostic Medicine and much of the time talks with patients enduring with hard to analyze medical issues like fibromyalgia, ceaseless weakness disorder, diabetes, hypertension, despondency, uneasiness, indigestion and other testing wellbeing conditions. His honorable achievement record has earned him the title, â€Å"Your Medical Detective. † Dr. Grisanti has found that numerous medical issues can be fruitful rewarded once the hidden reason has been found. He is known for his determination and solid will to discover the underlying driver of a patient’s medical issue. In 2001, with his ever-developing adoration for research, Dr. Grisanti propelled his week by week clinical report named, â€Å"The Grisanti Report† and has composed more than 400 articles on a large group of ailments. His week by week reports have increased overall consideration and are currently perused in more than 40 nations around the globe. His rundown of endorsers has developed into the thousands. Just as of late, Dr. Grisanti propelled his selective participation site called YourMedicalDetective. com. Dr. Grisanti welcomes you to take a voyage through his new site. Go to www. YourMedicalDetective. com 3 This site gives you restrictive, top to bottom data and instruments to support you and your primary care physician track down the genuine reason for your wellbeing challenges and illuminate them. Dr. Grisanti might want to thank you for buying his advanced book named â€Å"How to Quickly and Easily Understand Your Blood Tests Without A Medical Degree. † I trust you will profit by a book that at long last bodes well out of your blood science results. Fare thee well and appreciate the book. 4 Table of Contents Glucose Sodium Potassium Magnesium Chloride Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) Creatinine BUN/Creatinine Ratio Uric Acid Phosphorus Calcium Albumin Calcium Albumin Ratio Globulin A/G Ratio Alkaline Phosphorus SGOT/AST and SGPT/ALT GGT LDH Total Protein Iron Ferritin Triglycerides Cholesterol LDL Cholesterol HDL Cholesterol/HDL Ratio CO2 White Blood Cell Count Neutrophils Monocytes Lymphocytes Eosinophils Basophils Red Blood Cells Hemoglobin Hematocrit Platelets Reticulocyte Count MCV MCH T3 T4 T7 T3 Update TSH Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) 5 Comprehensive Blood Test Guide Don’t you simply despise when you get your blood test back and you have positively no clue about what every one of those numbers mean on a standard science profile? Well now you can utilize this book to assist you with understanding your test somewhat better. Glucose: This is the central wellspring of vitality for every single living being. A level more prominent than 105 in somebody who has fasted for 12 hours proposes a diabetic propensity. On the off chance that this level is raised even in a non-fasting setting one must be worried that there is a hazard for creating diabetes. This is an extraordinarily ground-breaking test and can foresee diabetes ten years or more before one builds up the severe meaning of diabetes which is levels more noteworthy than 120. Basic Causes of Glucose Increase: Diabetes, poor starch usage, condition X Less Common Causes of Glucose Increase: Cerebral sores, uremia, pregnancy, intracranial weight, cushing’s illness, hyperthyroidism, constant nephritis, contaminations, initial 24 hours after a serious consume, pancreatitis, cerebral injuries, uremia, early hyperpituitarism Common Causes of Glucose Decrease: Fasting Hypoglycemia Clinical Note: LDH will much of the time be diminished or in the low typical with Fasting Hypoglycemia, nonetheless, LDH will quite often be diminished with Reactive Hypoglycemia Less Common Causes of Glucose Decrease: liver harm, pancreatic adenoma, addison’s sickness (adrenal inadequacy), starvation, late hypopituitarism Carcinoma of islet tissue Clinical Adult Range: 70-115 mg/dL Optimal Adult Range: 85-100 mg/dL Red Flag Range 250 mg/dL Clinical Notes: Order Glycohemoglobin (HGB A1C) with serum glucose esteems over 160 and to screen diabetics under treatment Nutrition Tip: Thiamine Deficiency has been connected to increment in glucose levels 6 Sodium: This component assumes a significant job in salt and water balance in your body. A low level in the blood can be brought about by a lot of water consumption, cardiovascular breakdown, or kidney disappointment. A low level can likewise be brought about by loss of sodium in loose bowels, liquid or retching. An elevated level can be brought about by a lot of admission of salt or by insufficient admission of water. Clinical Adult Range: 135-145 Optimal Adult Range: 140-144 Red Flag Range 155 mmol/L Common Causes of Sodium Increase: Nephritis (kidney issues), drying out, hypercorticoadrenalism (expanded adrenal capacity) Clinical Notes: Water Softeners have been connected to cause an expansion in sodium Common Causes of Sodium Decrease: Reduced kidney filtration, loose bowels, Addison’s malady, adrenal hypo-work Potassium: This component is found basically inside the phones of the body. Low levels in the blood may demonstrate extreme the runs, liquor abuse, or inordinate utilization of water pills. Low potassium levels can cause muscle shortcoming and heart issues. Clinical Adult Range: 3. 5-5. 0 Optimal Adult Range: 4. 0-4. 6 Red Flag Range 6. mmol/L Common Causes of Potassium Increase: Adrenal hypo-work, cortisol opposition, acidosis, progressing tissue demolition Common Causes of Potassium Decrease: Diarrhea, diuretic use, kidney issues, adrenal hyperfunction Less Common Causes of Pota ssium Decrease: Anemia, overdosage of testosterone, genetic intermittent loss of motion, hypertension Nutrition Tip: Excessive licorice utilization has been connected to bring down potassium levels 7 Magnesium: This significant component is found in the veins, heart, bone, muscles, nerves, teeth. Clinical Adult Range: 1. 7-2. 4 Optimal Adult Range: 2. 2-2. 6 Red Flag Range 1. 6 mg/dL Common Causes of Creatinine Increase: Kidney Problems, Gout Clinical Note: If Creatinine is 1. or on the other hand higher in a male beyond 40 years old, Prostate Hypertrophy MUST be precluded Less Common Causes of Creatinine Increase: Renal Hypertension, uncontrolled diabetes, congestive cardiovascular breakdown, urinary tract contamination, parchedness Clinical Note: Suspect early nephritis ( kidney sickness) if creatinine is between 2-4 mg/dL. Suspect serious nephritis is creatinine is between 4-35 mg/dL Common Causes of Creatinine Decrease: Amyotonia congenita BUN/CREATININE RATIO BUN/Creatinine Rat io: expanded qualities may demonstrate catabolic states, lack of hydration, circulatory disappointment prompting fall in renal blood stream, congestive cardiovascular breakdown, intense and incessant renal (kidney) disappointment, urinary tract impediment, prostatic expansion, high protein diet. Diminished qualities may show overhydration, low protein/high starch diet, pregnancy Clinical Adult Range: 6-10 Optimal Adult Range: 10-16 Red Flag Range 30 Common Causes of BUN/Creatinine Ratio Increase: Kidney issues Less Common Causes of BUN/Creatinine Ratio Increase: Catabolic states, prostatic hypertrophy, high protein diet, drying out, stun Common Causes of BUN/Creatinine Ratio Decrease: Low protein/high sugar diet, pregnancy 10 URIC ACID Uric Acid: Uric corrosive is the finished result purine digestion. Significant levels are found in gout, contaminations, high protein diets, and kidney malady. Low levels for the most part show protein and molybdenum (follow mineral) insufficiency, liver harm or an excessively corrosive kidney. Clinical Female Range: 2. 4-6. 0 mg/dL Clinical Male Range: 3. 4-7. 0 mg/dL Optimal Female Range: 3. 0-5. 5 mg/dL Optimal Male Adult Range: 3. 5-5. 9 mg/dL Red Flag Range 9. mg/dL Common Causes of Uric Acid Increase: Gout, kidney issues, arteriosclerosi s, joint pain Less Common Causes of Uric Acid Increase: Metallic harming (mercury

The Cyclops An Unusual People Essay Research free essay sample

The Cyclops: An Unusual People Essay, Research Paper The Cyclops: An Unusual People The Cyclopes were distant from everyone else and uncommon spectacular individuals. They had truly intriguing lives. They had an uncommon start and they had a surprising way of life. Additionally, the Cyclopes gave off an impression of being entirely extraordinary when portrayed by contradicting purpose of perspectives. Overalll, the Cyclopes were an eccentric race in fantastic tales. The Cyclopes had a difficult start. They were the oldest boies of Mother Earth, Gaia, and Father Heaven, Uranus ( Evslin 1 ) . While the Cyclopes were still in the uterus of Gaia, Uranus got avaricious of the angels. He sent a chiropteran to eat one oculus out of every darling to do them terrible and accordingly do everyone loathe them ( Evslin ) . Due to what Uranus executed, the darling Cyclopes were brought into the world with one oculus. They developed to be of mammoth size ( Hamilton 65 ) . This start of the age of the Cyclopes end up being an alone situation. We will compose a custom article test on The Cyclops An Unusual People Essay Research or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In spite of the fact that the Cyclopes were brought into the world deformed they drove pulling lives. The Cyclopes had a sibling named Cronos who slaughtered his male parent Uranus ( Evslin 13 ) . Since everybody feared the Cyclopes ( 2 ) , Cronos rebuffed them by flim-flaring them into detainment. Zeus, the kid of Cronos and the new God male ruler, free them after Cronos had detained them ( 31 ) . The Cyclopes were great Smiths ( 12 ) . They forg erectile brokenness electrical jolt for Zeus since he liberated them ( Schmidt 74 ) . A war was in the thick so the Cyclopes made covering and arms for the Gods of Olympus ( Evslin 39 ) . Despite the fact that the Cyclopes played out these great deeds the individuals despite everything despised them so much that they had to come back to their fashion in the focal point of a vent for interminability ( 71 ) . The Cyclopes lives were loaded up with accommodation to other people, however they were still evaded and detested. The Cyclopes were on a very basic level great individuals, however there were different Cyclopes. Homer composed of Cyclopes that were profoundly awful. They were out and out brute shepherds ( Schmidt 74 ) . They were primitive to the point that they did non give a thought before they ate up universes. They about ate Odysseus, the central character of the Odyssey ( 75 ) . The Cyclopes were brought into the world distorted and abhorred. Despite the fact that evaded by numerous individuals, the Cyclopes helped the Gods and were essentially sort to everybody. Other Cyclopes were terrible yet anyway an engaging society of individuals. The Cyclopes endured enormously, however in spite of the fact that they endured, they kept on taking energizing what's more, profitable lives. Plants Cited Evslin, Bernard. The Cyclopes. Chelsea House Publishers: New York, 1987. Hamilton, Edith. Folklore. Penguin Books: New York, 1969. Schmidt, Joel. Larousse Greek and Roman Mythology. Librairie Larousse: Paris, 1965.

Six Tips for Entrepreneurs to have Business Success

Six Tips for Entrepreneurs to have Business Success Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Six Tips for Entrepreneurs to have Business SuccessUpdated On 31/07/2018Author : Ram kumarTopic : BloggingShort URL : http://hbb.me/2msKEaP CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogBecoming an entrepreneur is a dream job for many people. They’d love to work on their own initiative and create a life knowing that they’ve done it themselves; unfortunately, most people are not brave enough to take the first steps.Taking this path comes with a lot of hardships and you may feel like giving up multiple times before reaching success. However, the overwhelming feeling of joy, once you see your company thriving, is completely worth it. (Entrepreneurs who want a better chance of setting up an enterprise may want to begin in Singapore â€" take a look at the Singapore Entrepass Service for all the details).Here are six tips you can implement in establishing a prosperous firm.Invest You r Time WiselyWorking longer hours doesn’t necessarily mean you’re going to make improvements. Working harder at the wrong things could lead to more failures; don’t drive yourself insane. Determination is great, but make sure you assign yourself efficiently. Use your resources intelligently to get things done.Find Your MarketIf your desired marketplace is crowded with tough competition, rethinking your niche may be a better choice. The only exception should be if you believe your company provides something more unique to customers. Having a one-of-a-kind service/product to offer is your opportunity to begin working hard!HustleHustling is an integral part of creating a successful enterprise. Being an entrepreneur requires a resilience for not letting failures bring you down. Learn from them and keep in mind that the daily grind is what’s going to get you to where you want to be. Looking for an easier route out may not always be the best option â€" sometimes it demands patience since the resolution may not present itself instantly.READCan You, Should You Set Up a Blog for Free?NetworkingTrying to do things completely on your own is a great recipe for disaster. Use the resources available to you and start networking. The kinds of working relationships you can create now can pay off later down the line. Developing legitimate connections can give you the additional boost you need to rise above the competition. Regardless of what you’re selling, your connections will make things a lot easier!PassionFrom an outside perspective, entrepreneurs seem to have an inhumane amount of motivation. It disheartens some people, as they don’t believe they could ever be that ambitious; however, EVERYONE has a spark within them. If you can create something that you truly love, motivation won’t be something you have to think about. When problems emerge, you’ll discover methods to overcome them and carry on toward achieving your objectives.AttitudeA great idea and the k now-how on how to make it into something that customers will buy is valuable. But, another thing that is just as vital is a positive attitude. Developing a positive mindset is something that everyone can do, no matter how much they’ve profited.Keeping this demeanour through thick and thin is what will make the harder tasks seem less intimidating. Throughout your journey, there will be highs and lows, but if you take note of these six tips, you’ll be well on your way to establishing a lucrative firm.

The Reasons for Adoption Essay - 575 Words

When a couple or individual decides to adopt a child, they know they are going to take on the responsibility of taking care of someone else’s child. Due to the biological parent(s) who can’t take care of that child anymore, because of either drug abuse, alcohol abuse, abuse to the child or if the parent(s) had died and there is no other care for the child. So that’s why this gives other couples who cannot have kids, the opportunity to promise themselves to be a great parent to a child in need. Though there are some bad things about adoption as well. Like adopting a child from another country of another race, because once that child is adopted into an American family, he or she will be cut off from their culture and never know about their†¦show more content†¦So before a child can be taken into a permanent home, they are in foster care homes that provides temporary placement in a family setting. If the adoption is going to be from another country, where t he child is from another race and culture, the adopting parents should get to know about that race and culture before taking care of that child. So while raising this child, they can also teach them about their culture so they won’t be cut out of their original heritage. Because these children are banned from knowing about their culture and customs, it wouldn’t be good to take that away from anyone. So this can be a bad thing about taking in a child from another country, and the process would take up a lot more time and money to do this. The reasons why some biological parent(s) cannot take care of a child anymore is usually because, they have a drug addiction problem where all their money goes to support their drug habits, and not providing food for the child. The parent(s) is an alcoholic, where they also use all the money for their alcohol use, and where it usually leads to abusing the child, when they have been drinking heavily or high on some kind of drug. Another can also be that a child came from a very young girl, who can’t take care of the child and decides to give them up for adoption. Then there is also a part where the child goes through aShow MoreRelatedExercise And Behavior Adoption For Many Reasons965 Words   |  4 PagesThis course has given me a new perspective on exercise and behavior adoption for many reasons. The first and biggest realization I had was during the behavior change project. This assignment allowed me to take a step back and assess where I stand physically and mentally. I noticed that I lacked discipline in my diet and exercise routines. That being said, I did exercise periodically prior to this moment, but I knew that I was capable of accomplishing more and using my time more wisely. The fact thatRead MoreReasons for Management Control Systems Adoption1286 Words   |  6 PagesReasons for Management Control Systems Adoption 1 Reasons for Management Control Systems Adoption Insights from Product Development Systems Choice by Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Companies Claudia Fernandez Management Control Systems FE2510, Autumn - Period 1 Professor Eva Wittbom Blekinge Tekniska Hà ¶gskola September 26th, 2010 Reasons for Management Control Systems Adoption INTRODUCTION 2 Through the past few years, and due to different theoretical and empirical studies performedRead MoreExercise And Behavior Adoption For Many Reasons959 Words   |  4 PagesThis course has provided a new perspective on exercise and behavior adoption for many reasons. The first and prominent realization I had was during the behavior change project. This assignment allowed me to take a step back, and assess where I stand physically and mentally. I noticed that I lacked discipline in my diet and exercise routines. That being said, I did exercise periodically prior to this moment, but I knew that I was capable of accomplishing more and using my time more wisely. The factRead MoreShould LBTG Adoption Be Allowed? Essay788 Words   |  4 Pagesis on adoption. Should it be allowed or should it not be allowed that is the question. I think that adoption should be allowed because it gives orphans a chance to feel what it is like to be in a loving family, it gives parents that are either steri le or barren to have children of their own, and it gives many people a great chance to be in the type of family that many people are so happily in. Maybe someone that you know might be adopted; maybe you were adopted, now just think if adoption was illegalRead MoreAdoption Essay 151044 Words   |  5 PagesAdoption When a person decides to adopt, he takes the responsibility of raising a child who is not biologically his own. There are various reasons why people decide to adopt. Some say adoption is the best thing for certain children and many successful stories prove it to be true. However, there are also numerous tragic reports of adopted children being abused. Basically, what adoption meant, and still means, is that someone (the adoptive couple) is promising to assume all responsibilitiesRead MoreAdoption, Domestic And International Adoption Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pageschildren, but what are other options? Adoption gets helpless children out of the foster care system, but having their own child gives them a better connection. Three reasons why parents should adopt is because it helps get kids out of foster care, adopted families have all the same rights as families formed from birth, and adopting a child helps parents start a family if they can’t get pregnant. Although some peo ple think that having their own child is better, adoption is better because it gives childrenRead MoreAdoption Worth The Cost : Should Adopting A Child Be Free?1453 Words   |  6 PagesAdoption Worth the Cost Should adopting a child be free? As a first response, many people would answer â€Å"Yes, adoption should be free,† arguing that there should not be a price tag on children, or that adoption is unreasonably expensive. Others may argue that â€Å"No, it should not be free,† because it may unknowingly put the adoptees at risk for danger, while the children are easily accessible. Adoptions were created to give children, whose biological parents could not care for them, a new and affectionateRead MoreInternational Adoptions Essay670 Words   |  3 PagesINTRODUCTION The number of international adoptions taking place in the United States is steadily increasing. Many people looking to start a family in the United States are turning to international adoptions because the process is easier than adopting within this country. However, many of these adoptive parents are not ready for the challenges of adopting a child from another country. Not only are the adoptive parents and the children at different levels of readiness to attach but the child is forcedRead MoreChoosing Adoption Instead Of Abortion946 Words   |  4 PagesHailey I. Bell Mr. Steven Harris Freshman Honors English 05 February 2015 Choosing Adoption Instead of Abortion The National Adoption Center stated, â€Å"There are no unwanted children. Just unfound families.† This quote shows the positive outlook that adoption agencies portray. When a parent chooses not to keep custody of a child, the child then becomes available for other parents to adopt them. Once adopted the child has an opportunity to have a regular life with people who will love and provide forRead MorePet Adoption741 Words   |  3 Pages Pet Adoption Many people have different thoughts on adoption. Such as why adoption is a good thing not only for the animal but also the owner, if each dog deserves a second chance, and if there should be kill shelters. Adoption is good for both the animal and the owner, by adopting an animal is gives them a new home that they deserve. Adoption gives the owner a sense of what the animal has gone through, which sometimes helps understand the way the animal may act and can help find ways to train

The History of the Computer Game Spacewar

If I hadnt done it, someone wouldve done something equally exciting, if not better, in the next six months. I just happened to get there first. - Steve Russell aka Slug on inventing Spacewar. Steve Russell - Inventing of Spacewar It was in 1962 when a young computer programmer from MIT named  Steve Russell, fueled with inspiration from the writings of E. E. Doc Smith, led the team  that created the first popular computer game. Starwar was almost the first computer game ever written. However, there were at least two far-lesser-known predecessors: OXO (1952) and Tennis for Two (1958). It took the team about 200 man-hours to write the first version of Spacewar.  Russell wrote Spacewar on a PDP-1, an early DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation) interactive mini computer which used a cathode-ray tube type display and keyboard input. The computer was donated to MIT from DEC, who hoped MITs think tank would be able to do something remarkable with their product. A computer game called Spacewar was the last thing DEC expected but they later provided the game as a diagnostic program for their customers. Russell never profited from Spacewars. Description The PDP-1s operating system was the first to allow multiple users to share the computer simultaneously. This was perfect for playing Spacewar, which was a two-player game involving warring spaceships firing photon torpedoes. Each player could maneuver a spaceship and score by firing missiles at his opponent while avoiding the gravitational pull of the sun. Try playing a replica of the computer game for yourselves. It still holds today up as a great way to waste a few hours. By the mid-sixties, when computer time was still very expensive, Spacewar could be found on nearly every research computer in the country. Influence on Nolan Bushnell Russell transferred to Stanford University, where he introduced computer game programming and Spacewar to an engineering student named Nolan Bushnell. Bushnell went on to write the first coin-operated computer arcade game and start Atari Computers. An interesting sidenote is that Doc Smith, besides being a great science fiction writer, held a Ph.D. in chemical engineering and was the researcher who figured out how to get powdered sugar to stick to doughnuts. Spacewar! was conceived in 1961 by Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen. It was first realized on the PDP-1 in 1962 by Steve Russell, Peter Samson, Dan Edwards and Martin Graetz, together with Alan Kotok, Steve Piner and Robert A. Saunders. Try playing a replica of the computer game for yourselves. It still holds today up as a great way to waste a few hours: Spacewar Online - The original 1962 game code runs on PDP-1 emulator in Java.Play Spacewar - The a, s, d, f keys control one of the spaceships. The k, l, ;, keys control the other. The controls are spin one way, spin the other, thrust, and fire. Steve Russell is a computer scientist who led the team that invented Spacewar in 1962, one of the first games ever written for the computer. Steve Russell - Other Achievements Steve Russell also contributed to the IBM 704, which was a 1956 upgrade of the 701. Steve Russell - Background Steve Russell was educated at Dartmouth College from 1954 to 1958.

The Field Of Management A Very Bleak Field - 865 Words

The One Minute Manager The field of management can be a very bleak field to venture into. It takes certain people to be managers. Management can be very tough, rigorous, demanding, and firm; yet it can be rewarding, bring unity a company, and can save time when used in the most effective way. In addition, anyone can be a manager only if you follow the (3) simple principles of the One Minute Manager. While reading the One Minute Manager, I learned through the young man’s quest to find an effective manager, that they are two types of managers: One being autocratic- â€Å"A bottom-line manger.† â€Å"Hard-nosed.† â€Å"Realistic.† â€Å"Profit mined.†, and the other being a democratic manager. â€Å"Participative.† â€Å"Supportive.† â€Å"Considerate.† â€Å"Humanistic.† The young man came to realize that mangers wanted results or they cared about people one or the other, not both. He finally came to the conclusion that he was looking for an effective manager, but along his quest he met only a few who would not share the secrets of their success. One day the young man happened to hear of a special manager in a nearby town, who supposedly was an effective manager. With amounts of curiosity, the young man went to go see him. When the young man arrived, he met with a man who called himself a One Minute Manager. The young man immediately wanted to know more, and wanted to see if this was at all true, so the manger insisted the young man meet with any of his employees, in which they would reassure the young man theShow MoreRelatedCommercial Aviation Management824 Words   |  4 Pageswith the guidance from my parents, I started selecting courses that would help me build the basis for more advanced aviation related courses in the future. I started taking extra curricular activities such as map reading, studying advances in the field of aviation and making model airplanes. I also started reading books written by veteran pilots sharing their life long experiences, do’s and don’ts and explaining best possible choices t o become a pilot. During my high school years, I had lined upRead More join the army Essay884 Words   |  4 Pageswill receive a pension for my service for the remainder of my life and I hope that’s going to be a long time. How many jobs in the civilian sector provide a pension after working for 20 years regardless of age or retiree? I would venture to say not very many. Another important benefit the Army provides is educational benefits. The Montgomery GI Bill is available for active duty and veterans to help with education costs. The Bill provides up to 36 months of education benefits for college, businessRead MoreThe Career Of Becoming A Commissioned Officer936 Words   |  4 Pageswant to continue my studies to achieve my current goals. The only way I can achieve my goals is to achieve a bachelor’s degree in a field of my choice. I have chosen Colorado State University- Global for a few reasons. The first is to follow in the footsteps of my father. The second is I believe that a business management degree with an emphasis on project management will relate closest to my current occupation. As of right now I’m a Private in the Army, but with a degree I can achieve a higher rankRead MoreEnvironmental Pressures1467 Words   |  6 PagesPressures Identity Pressures basically deals with the way a company brands themselves. Time Warner Cable brands themselves as a reputable and customer based oriented company. Time Warner Cable is dedicated to making their brand number one in the fields of cable, high speed data and telephony services. A commitment is given to customers to provide them with the best products and services they have to offer. Dish, satellite and ATT U-Verse attempt to compete, but when it comes to quality serviceRead MoreThe Analysis : Water s Journey1487 Words   |  6 Pagescourses, as well as directly underneath the Sonny’s BBQ salad bar. The team ultimately traveled for over ten miles during this exploration, and while the video shows spectacular views it also sheds light on the amount of waste and debris hosted in our very drinking water. 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Tan reveals feeling â€Å"ashamed† of her mother’s English and she is troubled by the prevailing perception that the language spoken at home must necessarily limit her academic pursuits and career choices to certain fields; when choosing her major, teachers advise her to pursue Math or Science and to stay away from English (318). However, Tan is the type of person who thrives on adversity, and instead of letting herself be bound by the artificial limitations othersRead MoreVisualizing the Future of Health Geriatrics2495 Words   |  10 Pagesaffiliation Authors note Visualizing the Future of Health Geriatrics The assignment is to consider, imagine, and/or visualize the future of health and health care with respect to specific field of health. This author has chosen the future of health in connection with gerontology, geriatrics, and aging. Prenatal care is a field of health that should get a great deal of attention because, outside of those cloned or created in labs, all humans are born. 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The impact of globalization has changed the business procedure in India in terms of psychology, methodology, technology, mindset work culture etc. Newer challenges, newer opportunities are day-by-day in front of Indian industries, which are profitable and prospective. The fundamental scope of doing business in India is lying with its people. The huge population

Madness, Performance, and Illusion in Victorian Literature free essay sample

Differing from centuries past, Victorian England expressed a desire to more closely understand the meaning of madness, as psychological historian Elaine Showalter notes: â€Å"By the middle of the century, however, visitors to the Victorian asylum saw madness domesticated, released from restraint, and unnervingly like the world outside the walls† (Showalter 158). The insane, warped perception of reality prompted questioning into the formation of the sane identity, especially through the medium of literature. Was â€Å"the self† so simple to understand and identify? The identity of humanity was much more complex and multi-faceted than the Romanticism of the early nineteenth century perceived it to be. Novels of the Victorian era, specifically Mary Elizabeth Braddon’s Lady Audley’s Secret and Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Grey, examine this complexity through the lens of madness. Both Lady Audley and Dorian Grey adopt new selves, and so conceal their unacceptable secrets from the outside world; however, this act cannot be sustained, as Victorian literature would admonish. Performance creating a facade for the outside world is ultimately what drives Lady Audley and Dorian Grey mad because the illusion of entertainment becomes their reality, causing a fascination with their own self-creation and destruction, respectively. In hopes of escaping poverty, Helen Talboys creates a new identity that fractures who she is, leaving her vulnerable to scrutiny. Mary Elizabeth Braddon, author of Lady Audley’s Secret and the proclaimed â€Å"Queen of Sensation,† understood the goal of a performance: to distort reality. As an actress herself, Braddon witnessed the power of entertainment over a captivated audience, warping and disguising perception in order to achieve the desired effect. Helen Talboys, too, sees the temptation of masking her true self. Initially rational, Helen lives under the care of her alcoholic father because her mother is placed in an insane asylum when she is a child. The desire to advance her means is evident given her conditions; but, when George Talboys does not return for many years and she is left in destitution once more, she must make the difficult decision to leave her old life in favor of becoming Miss Lucy Graham. Undertaking such an act of empowerment was revolutionary and bold, as feminist critic Lynn Voskuil relates: â€Å"As players in this cultural drama, women were the compliant conduits of a transcendent notion of womanliness, weaker vessels perfectly type cast to express an idealized femininity reliably and coherently† (Voskuil 621). This further underscores the rationality of her choice to recreate her own identity because the likelihood of her discovery was slim while the benefits possible to her are innumerable. Although Lucy’s initial purpose in playing the role of performer is self-empowerment, it soon becomes a role of concealment. With George’s untimely return from her past life, the threads she weaves to create a tapestry of lies begin to unravel, until the constant scrutiny from her elevated status as mistress causes her intense psychological stress from her efforts. Literally tunneling their way into Lucy’s inner chambers, George and Robert Audley examine the representation of her secret, the pre-Raphaelite portrait that revealed â€Å"something of the aspect of a beautiful fiend† within her split identity (Braddon 71). This portrait of her conscience shows her deception, and reflects the conflict within her concerning her past life. In order to maintain this elaborate performance, she chooses self-creation over reality by attempting to murder her real husband. Lady Audley is absolutely determined to sustain her created identity by any means necessary in order to preserve the illusion to both the outside world and herself, awakening mental instability from the web of lies she spins. A monomaniacal obsession mandates Robert Audley to investigate the mystery of George’s disappearance, and this further pushes Lady Audley to the brink of insanity as her performance begins to overtake her. In The Picture of Dorian Grey, Sybil Vane offers an interesting comparison to Lady Audley. Sybil is utterly absorbed in her acting as a means of escaping her sordid life, shaping her reality through the characters she plays in the theater every evening. She emerges from the emptiness of the act when Dorian declares his undying love for her; on the other hand, Lady Audley is unable to escape the falsehood that clouds her reality. The obsession with self-creation has conquered her. She is the perpetual actress in an unending performance that she cannot quit. It is clear that Lady Audley begins to lose her grip on reality when it seems that Helen Talboys is screaming to return to the surface once more. For example, Lady Audley maliciously decides to manipulate Sir Michael into believing that his nephew is a madman bent on persecuting an innocent woman. Although Lady Audley sets the plan into motion, Helen hesitates for a moment, barely able to speak as she trembles and cries before him, aware of the horrid performance in which she plays the leading role. This apparent dichotomy between her two identities proves to only aid the wicked nature of the plan, though: â€Å"It was the one wild outcry, in which the woman’s feebler nature got the better of the syren’s art† (Braddon 283). Interestingly displayed, the glimpse of her genuine self that breaks the surface of her facade in these ephemeral moments offers a much more real exhibition of emotion- so much so that it immediately stirs Sir Michael into a frenzy, spell-bound for his lover as she continues to work her magic upon him. Helen’s voice is completely drowned out, projecting her own malady so articulately upon Robert because she is intimate with the lies and deceit she has created for herself: â€Å"They know that they are mad, but they know to keep their secret†¦[and] they may yield to the horrible temptation- the frightful, passionate, hungry craving for violence and horror† (Braddon 287). Her anxiety both to keep secrets and mask her reality places a burden upon her shoulders that she finds difficult to carry, but her newly-created self helps alleviate the stress that Helen so clearly exhibits as an integral part of her. Another example of the stress induced by performance upon the dual selves of Lady Audley occurs subsequent to her setting Luke’s public house ablaze. Robert Audley, the man who threatens to pull the curtain on her new life, increasingly threatens her stability on the stage by offering her an ultimatum- she must confess to Sir Michael or he will do it himself. She is so dedicated to this illusion that the madwoman within her demands she kill Robert, finally escaping the past lies that furtively pursue her. She contemplates to herself after leaving the inn: â€Å"Perhaps it would be wiser in me to run away, o take this man’s warning, and escape out of his power forever†¦What could I do? I must go back to the old life, the old, hard, cruel, wretched life- the life of poverty, and humiliation, and vexation, and discontent† (Braddon 316). Always in a struggle of duality, Lucy is again drawn back to the performance against her better judgment due to her initial go al of escaping poverty as an ambitious and self-assertive young woman. The will of the illusion proves too tempting; the madness is too entrenched within her. This secrecy cannot be sustained due to the scrutiny of Victorian society at large, as Braddon warns readers of the pitfalls of lies and false self-creation. Put simply by Voskuil: â€Å"Lady Audley is at once both a clinical case and a theatrical display, a madwoman and an actress† (Voskuil 633). The identity she fashioned as a tool to aid her struggle consumed her, making it impossible for Lady Audley to distinguish herself between Helen and Lucy, rational and mad. Two polar ideologies unknowingly influence Dorian Grey until they split how he sees himself, thereby hastening his internal self-destruction. Oscar Wilde, a master of language and author of The Picture of Dorian Grey, wrote for an age of increasingly realist outlook. Under the tutelage of John Ruskin, one of his mentors, Wilde’s vision of truth became that which shocked, awakened, and awed. Ruskin had profound influence on his direction, prompting Wilde to explain human identity through the case of Dorian Grey by examining his madness as a deeper metaphor for the battle that takes place within the human soul: â€Å"Vice and virtue are to the artist materials for an art,† Wilde directly addresses the readers in the preface before the story begins (Wilde 4). Dorian is easily influenced by his company at the onset of the novel as a boy, whether it is that of Basil Hallward or Lord Henry Wotton. Nonetheless, it is clear that his friend Harry gains influence, and eventually domination, over the creation of Dorian’s perception as he forms two separate understandings of the self. The human soul is not simply a product of one influence or another; it is an amalgamation of ideas, thoughts, and perceptions that frames identity in terms of a paradox, Wilde argues. Sheldon Liebman, author of a critical response entitled â€Å"Character Design in The Picture of Dorian Grey,† follows up on this thought: Dorian  Gray  is torn between two mutually exclusive interpretations of human experience: one, optimistic, religious, and emotional; the other, pessimistic, cynical, and intellectual. In the course of the novel, the reader (if not  Dorian) discovers that neither interpretation is adequate and that, from Wildes perspective, there are no alternatives (Liebman). In response to the frivolity of the Romantic identity, the Victorian era developed an outlook to mirror the complexity of the world, seeing illusion and paradox as the threshold to truth. The illusion present in the novel, the portrait of Dorian painted by Basil, represents the incumbent split within Dorian’s soul; he sees this as visual product of his indulgent self, his â€Å"mask of shame†, hiding it in order to maintain the illusion of beauty (Wilde 93). The sanity of Dorian is in no real threat when he is young, but as he progresses in years without actually aging his self-destructive habits degrade his soul and force the reader to question his grasp of reality. Capitulating to the illusion of a world of pure beauty, Dorian loses his understanding of reality, and himself in the process, leading him to madly conceal his soul from the outside. The magic of the wondrous picture before him fascinates his curiosity, his desire to pursue beauty and hedonism due to the Harry’s domination. This transformation begins when his life of secrecy begins. To put his identity in terms of reality and illusion, he switches places with Sybil upon nonchalantly discovering her tragic suicide. Sybil’s poor acting connotes her return to reality, while Dorian only falls deeper into his conception of polarity- beauty and ugliness, his physical vitality versus his corrupted soul. The beauty of the illusion on stage and the stirring of his imagination inspire him, but the drab and dull movements of reality, where Sybil now belongs, contradict his new way of understanding. Because Dorian sees beauty as the one and only means of perceiving reality after his contact with Lord Henry, he refuses to acknowledge the inherent brutality and indecency of the world at large. This subsequently encourages him to reject the ugliness within his own soul. Similar to Lady Audley, Dorian seeks to conceal the part of him that is abominable, and hides his painting away in a forgotten room of his household. No one can know his true self. â€Å"What did it matter what happened to the coloured image on the canvas? He would be safe. That was everything,† Dorian reflects (Wilde 103). His enchantment prevents anyone from directly seeing his act, but the real toll is inflicted on the part of his soul where Basil, the voice of morality, still holds sway. The portrait is, indeed, a window into his soul and the site of a conflict between two selves. Falling further and further into the depths of seedy London after receiving the poisonous French novel given to him by Lord Henry, Dorian’s inner strife is apparent as he indulges in every sin available to him. The entrenched obsession with beauty transforms into madness when the conflict comes to a climax as Dorian confronts the source of his moral identity, Basil: â€Å"Each of us has heaven and hell in him, Basil† (Wilde 150). The grisly stabbing of Basil is the culmination of his identity crisis- the illusion of outer beauty and hedonistic pleasure becomes his reality. The secrecy of a double life at first does not wear on the part of himself he symbolically destroyed: â€Å"Perhaps one never seems so much at one’s ease as when one has to play a part† (Wilde 167). In this grand performance, his beauty masked his secret to the outside world and kept him at complacent. The secret is safe from everyone but his conscience, the portrait itself, which eventually comes to destroy him. Dorian becomes obsessed with returning to his portrait after nights of sin and debauchery, fascinated by the change between the fiend depicted and the gentleman in the mirror. He fails to reconcile the lack of change in his physical appearance, of which he is so enamored, and soon he becomes disenchanted with the lifestyle of decadence that he lives. Indulging in opium, prostitution, and senselessness, Dorian self-destructs due to his double life: â€Å"Ugliness that had once been hateful to him because it made things real, became dear to him now for that very reason. Ugliness was the one reality†¦what he needed for forgetfulness† (Wilde 177). The respective conceptions of beauty, ugliness, and reality that vie for control within him are psychologically draining. Ultimately, the madness that seizes his character cannot be controlled. The battle of individual influences within him wear upon him, to the point where the concealment of his painting (and thus soul) from the world is a burden too difficult to be borne. Stabbing the painting in the heart in a performance imitating his murder of Basil, the two polarities of his identity return to a single being. Dorian’s ignorance of the uncomfortable realities of life explain his self-understanding. The illusion he submits to and the madness that ensues bring on his self-destruction because the flawed role of the beautiful in his understanding of reality causes him to lose his identity in the performance. Madness in Victorian literature is a means of understanding identity from a fractured perspective. Evident in the classic novels of Braddon and Wilde, the fascination with madness was both an examination and a cautionary tale. Both Dorian Grey and Lady Audley concede to their insanity due to the significance of their secrets, burdened by the weight of their â€Å"other† identity. Performances are a suspension of reality, and neglecting to take heed of the difference between the two aspects can lead to disastrous consequences and self-destruction.

M11Cde Skills-Based Assessment Essay Example

M11Cde Skills-Based Assessment Essay School of Engineering Computing Department of Computing Internet Information Security (M11CDE) Layered Security Student Name: BUSA ABANG OBI SID:4560229 I certify that this is my own work yes/no and that I have read and understand the University Assessment regulations. Signature: [pic] Submission Details The details below indicate what you should submit, when you should submit it and where is should be submitted to. Submission Date and Method Deadline 11 January 2013 11:50pm online submission. Submission Format: 1. Fill the online quiz for the practical test which will be available one week before the final fixed deadline. . Download an electronic copy of this document and where there are blanks or spaces to complete addressing information etc. , please include them in the document. You submission should include the answers in the document, but do not change the document in any other way! If the document has been modified other than to include the required information your submissio n will be null and void. 3. Your files should be name as â€Å"SID_FIRSTNAME_SURNAME. doc†. E. g. 100292_FIRSTNAME_SURNAME. doc. 4. Save the configurations from all your network devices and embed them into the end of this document. 5. If you have attempted to configure VLANs, please also include a switch configuration from any one of your LAN switches. Please note that this must be a switch that you have actually configured VLANs on. 6. If you have implemented the network in Packet Tracer, you may consider submitting a copy of that as well but this is not compulsory. Zero Tolerance for late submission: If your work is late it will have to be marked zero according to new university policy. Please ensure you upload your work well before the deadline. You will be able to delete and update your work before the deadline. Plagiarism Note: We will write a custom essay sample on M11Cde Skills-Based Assessment specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on M11Cde Skills-Based Assessment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on M11Cde Skills-Based Assessment specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As with all assessed work, both the research and written submission should be your own work. When submitting this work you are explicitly indicating that you have read the rules on plagiarism as defined in the University regulations and that all work is in fact your own, except where explicitly referenced using the accepted referencing style. Feedback and marking: The practical work will be marked by using the questions set in the online quiz and number of questions for each section will depend on the weightings set in the below sections. Feedbacks and marks will be provided once the online practical quiz is submitted. Network topology [Whilst the topology shows only two hosts on each LAN, you should configure four hosts on each LAN. ] Network Information The WAN IP network address between Dundee and Glasgow is 209. 154. 17. 0 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 0. The WAN IP network address between Edinburgh and Glasgow is 209. 154. 16. 0 with a subnet mask of 255. 255. 255. 0. This is clearly shown on the network topology. Dundee information The LAN for Dundee has been assigned an IP network address of 192. 168. 6. 0 Each subnet of the above network needs to accommodate 14 host addresses. The subnet mask will be 255. 255. 255. 40. This is worked out by borrowing 4 bits from the final octet and is shown in the table below. Table 1 Custom Subnet Mask for Dundee |255 |255 |255 |240 | |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 | |1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 | Use the 6th usable subnet for the LAN. Do not use subnet zero as the first usable subnet. The table below shows how the 6th usable network can be identified. |Network |Network ID |First Host |Last Host |Broadcast |Mask | |0 |192. 168. 6. 0 |192. 168. 6. 1 |192. 168. 6. 14 |192. 168. 6. 15 |/28 | |1 |192. 168. 6. 16 |192. 168. 6. 17 |192. 168. 6. 30 |192. 168. 6. 31 |/28 | |2 |192. 168. 6. 2 |192. 168. 6. 33 |192. 168. 6. 46 |192. 168. 6. 47 |/28 | |3 |192. 168. 6. 48 |192. 168. 6. 49 |192. 168. 6. 62 |192. 168. 6. 63 |/28 | |4 |192. 168. 6. 64 |192. 168. 6. 65 |192. 168. 6. 78 |192. 168. 6. 79 |/28 | |5 |192. 168. 6. 80 |192. 168. 6. 81 |192. 168. 6. 94 |192. 168. 6. 95 |/28 | |6 |192. 168. 6. 6 |192. 168. 6. 97 |192. 168. 6. 110 |192. 168. 6. 111 |/28 | |7 |192. 168. 6. 112 |192. 168. 6. 113 |192. 168. 6. 126 |192. 168. 6. 127 |/28 | You should be able to identify the pattern (or magic number from the subnet mask). If it is not immediately apparent subtract the last non-zero octet from 256. Edinburgh information The LAN for Edinburgh has been assigned an IP network address of 192. 168. 5. 0 Again, each subnet of the above network needs to accommodate 14 host addresses. The subnet mask will be 255. 255. 255. 240. This is worked out by borrowing 4 bits from the final octet and is shown in the table below. Table 1 Custom Subnet Mask for Edinburgh |255 |255 |255 |240 | |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 |128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 | |1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 |1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 | Use the 4th usable subnet for the LAN. Do not use subnet zero as the first usable subnet. You must follow the example for Dundee to complete the table for step 1 planning. You should be able to identify the pattern (or magic number from the subnet mask). If it is not immediately apparent subtract the last non-zero octet from 256. The elements of the coursework are: 1. Planning and assigning addresses [30 marks] 2. Basic configuration [40 marks] 3. Security ACLs [10 marks] 4. Security VLANs [20 marks] The basic theme is that Glasgow (GLA) is regional headquarters of the company. Edinburgh and Dundee are branch offices. Each network associate (student) will be responsible for an entire network. This means that using either the lab equipment in EC1-13 or Packet Tracer, you will configure 3 routers, 2 switches and 8 PCs. A network address and specific number of hosts per subnet has been assigned for the local LAN on each network (Edinburgh and Dundee). From the information provided, the subnet address, the subnet mask, the first and last usable addresses and the broadcast address for each site LAN need to be determined. (When using the router or Packet Tracer it is expected that you keep a copy of your router configuration at each stage, just in case you run into problems). Step 1 Planning Using the chart below, plan the first ten usable subnets of the LAN address assigned to Edinburgh. You have been given the first 6 addresses for Dundee, you are now expected to plan for the first 10 addresses for Edinburgh. Subnet |Subnet |Subnet |First Host |Last Host |Broadcast | | |Address |Mask (/x) | | | | |0 |192. 168. 5. 0 |28 |192. 168. 5. 1 |192. 168. 5. 14 |192. 168. 5. 5 | |1 |192. 168. 5. 16 |28 |192. 168. 5. 17 |192. 168. 5. 30 |192. 168. 5. 31 | |2 |192. 168. 5. 32 |28 |192. 168. 5. 33 |192. 168. 5. 46 |192. 168. 5. 47 | |3 |192. 168. 5. 48 |28 |192. 168. 5. 49 |192. 168. 5. 2 |192. 168. 5. 63 | |4 |192. 168. 5. 64 |28 |192. 168. 5. 65 |192. 168. 5. 78 |192. 168. 5. 79 | |5 |192. 168. 5. 80 |28 |192. 168. 5. 81 |192. 168. 5. 94 |192. 168. 5. 95 | |6 |192. 168. 5. 96 |28 |192. 168. 5. 97 |192. 68. 5. 110 |192. 168. 5. 111 | |7 |192. 168. 5. 112 |28 |192. 168. 5. 113 |192. 168. 5. 126 |192. 168. 5. 127 | |8 |192. 168. 5. 128 |28 |192. 168. 5. 129 |192. 168. 5. 142 |192. 168. 5. 143 | |9 |192. 168. 5. 144 |28 |192. 68. 5. 145 |192. 168. 5. 152 |192. 168. 5. 159 | |10 |192. 168. 5. 160 |28 |192. 168. 5. 161 |192. 168. 5. 174 |192. 168. 5. 175 | For the WAN links for DUN and EDN the lowest usable address on the networks must be used. Identify and use the lowest usable WAN address for your S0 interface assigned to you for the two networks shown: 1 Dundee:209. 154. 17. 1 Edinburgh:209. 154. 16. 1 For security reasons, all of the production workstations will be assigned the lower-half of the IP addresses of the assigned subnet. All of the network devices and management stations will be assigned the upper-half of the IP address numbers of the subnet assigned for the LAN. From this upper half range of addresses, the Ethernet router interface (the default gateway on each LAN) is to be assigned the highest usable address. Identify the required IP address of the Ethernet interface on your two routers. Address of your Ethernet interface on Dundee : 192. 168. 6. 10 Address of your Ethernet interface on Edinburgh : 192. 168. 5. 78 The host (PC) configurations must also be planned. Using the table, complete the host information. |Branch: DUN |IP Address Range | |Production Host Range |192. 168. 6. 97192. 168. 6. 103 | |(Lower half) | | |Management Host Range |192. 168. 6. 104192. 168. 6. 10 | |(Upper half) | | [5 marks for ranges of addresses] Supply addresses for a production and management host. Production Host (1) IP Address192. 168. 6. 97 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 Default Gateway192. 168. 6. 110 Management Host (1) IP Address192. 168. 6. 104 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 Default Gateway192. 1 68. 6. 110 |Branch: EDN |IP Address Range | |Production Host Range |192. 68. 5. 65192. 168. 5. 71 | |(Lower half) | | |Management Host Range |192. 168. 5. 72192. 168. 5. 78 | |(Upper half) | | Supply addresses for a production and management host. Production Host (1) IP Address192. 168. 5. 65 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 Default Gateway192. 168. 5. 78 Management Host (1) IP Address192. 168. 5. 72 Subnet Mask255. 255. 255. 240 Default Gateway192. 168. 5. 78 Step 2 Basic Configuration Apply a basic configuration to the router. This configuration should include all the normal configuration items. You must supply one router configuration file. This will be either Dundee or Edinburgh. The router configuration files will be marked as follows: Basic Configuration †¢ Router name †¢ Console and VTY configuration and passwords (use ‘cisco’, ‘class’ and ‘berril’ for console, secret and VTY passwords respectively) †¢ Interface configurations DTE/DCE identified appropriately and clockrates set only on DCE †¢ Routing correct and working (RIP is fine) †¢ Host tables †¢ Banner display before login – warn of unauthorised access Basic Configuration (40 marks) Security (ACLS Marked as part of step 3) 1. ACLs correct and applied to correct interface in correct direction [10] 2. ACLs correct but not applied to correct interface or direction [7 9] 3. ACLs attempted but some errors or wrong placement [4 6] 4. ACLs attempted but incorrect and not applied properly [1- 3] 5. ACLs not attempted [0] ACL Total (Total 10 marks) Step 3 Security There are several security concerns in the Internetwork. Develop Access Control Lists (ACLs) to address security issues. The following problems must be addressed: 1. The production hosts in both the Edinburgh and Dundee networks are permitted HTTP access to the 172. 16. 0. 0 network, management hosts are permitted no access to this network. 2. The company has discovered an Internet Web server at 198. 145. 7. 1 that is known to contain viruses. All hosts are banned from reaching this site. The ACLs are worth 10 marks. Step 4 VLANs This step is the final 20% of the coursework mark. To achieve this step you should consider how you might use a VLAN to separate the production and management LANs. The goal is that neither network should be able to see the other network traffic. There is no additional guidance on this part of the skills test as you are expected to identify: 1. An appropriate VLAN number to use for each VLAN. 2. An appropriate VLAN configuration. 3. Implement the VLAN and provide the switch configuration file(s) to show that the VLAN has been implemented. VLAN Marks The VLAN component will be marked as follows: VLAN configured and correct configuration supplied [20] †¢ VLAN identified but configuration incomplete or incorrect [10 – 15] †¢ VLAN attempted [5 – 10 depending on level of attempt] †¢ VLAN not attempted [0] VLAN (Total 20 marks) Appendix Network device configurations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] Press RETURN to get st arted! Routerenable Router#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Router(config)# Router(config)#hostname EDINBURGH EDINBURGH(config)#line console 0 EDINBURGH(config-line)#password cisco EDINBURGH(config-line)#login EDINBURGH(config-line)#exit EDINBURGH(config)#line vty 0 4 EDINBURGH(config-line)#password cisco EDINBURGH(config-line)#login EDINBURGH(config-line)#exit EDINBURGH(config)#enable password cisco EDINBURGH(config)#exit EDINBURGH# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console EDINBURGH#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHen Password: EDINBURGH#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGH(config)#enable secret class EDINBURGH(config)#exit EDINBURGH# SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console [pic] [pic] EDINBURGH#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGH(config)#interface serial2/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)#ip address 209. 154. 16. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 EDINBURGH(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial2/0, changed state to up EDINBURGH(config-if)#exit %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Seri al2/0, changed state to up EDINBURGH(config)#interface fastethernet0/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)#ip address 192. 168. 5. 78 255. 255. 255. 240 EDINBURGH(config-if)#no shutdown LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up EDINBURGH(config-if)#exit EDINBURGH(config)#router rip EDINBURGH(config-router)#network 172. 16. 0. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)#network 192. 168. 6. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)#network 192. 168. 5. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)#network 209. 154. 16. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)#network 209. 154. 17. 0 EDINBURGH(config-router)#exit EDINBURGH(config)# banner motd #warn of unauthorised access# EDINBURGH(config)# banner login #do not enter if you are not authorized# EDINBURGH(config)#ip host DUN 209. 54. 17. 1 192. 168. 6. 110 EDINBURGH(config)#ip host GLA 172. 16. 1. 254 209. 154. 16. 2 209. 154. 17. 2 EDINBURGH(config)#exit EDINBURGH# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console EDINBURGH#copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration [OK] EDINBURGH# EDINBURGHshow host Default Domain is not set Name/address lookup uses domain service Name servers are 255. 255. 255. 255 Codes: UN unknown, EX expired, OK OK, revalidate temp temporary, perm permanent NA Not Applicable None Not defined Host Port Flags Age Type Address(es) DUN None (perm, OK) 0 IP 192. 168. 6. 110 209. 154. 17. 1 GLA None (perm, OK) 0 IP 172. 16. 1. 254 209. 154. 16. 2 209. 154. 17. 2 EDINBURGH [pic] [pic] [pic] EDINBURGH#show r Building configuration Current configuration : 1291 bytes ! version 12. 2 no service timestamps log datetime msec no service timestamps debug datetime msec o service password-encryption ! hostname EDINBURGH ! ! ! enable secret 5 $1$mERr$9cTjUIEqNGurQiFU. ZeCi1 enable password cisco ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ip host DUN 192. 168. 6. 110 209. 154. 17. 1 ip host GLA 172. 16. 1. 254 209. 154. 16. 2 209. 154. 17. 2 ! ! ! ! ! ! interface FastEthernet0/0 ip address 192. 168. 5. 78 255. 255. 255. 240 ip access-group 100 in duplex auto speed auto ! interface FastEthernet1/0 no ip address duplex auto speed auto shutdown ! interface Serial2/0 ip address 209. 154. 16. 1 255. 255. 255. 0 ip access-group 10 out ! interface Serial3/0 no ip address shutdown ! interface FastEthernet4/0 o ip address sh utdown ! interface FastEthernet5/0 no ip address shutdown ! router rip network 172. 16. 0. 0 network 192. 168. 5. 0 network 192. 168. 6. 0 network 209. 154. 16. 0 network 209. 154. 17. 0 ! ip classless ! ! access-list 100 deny tcp 192. 168. 5. 72 0. 0. 0. 7 172. 16. 0. 0 0. 0. 255. 255 eq www access-list 100 permit ip any any access-list 10 permit any access-list 10 deny host 198. 145. 7. 1 ! ! ! no cdp run ! banner login ^Cdo not enter if you are not authorized^C banner motd ^Cwarn of unauthorised access^C ! ! ! ! line con 0 password cisco login line vty 0 4 password cisco login ! ! ! end EDINBURGH# EDINBURGH#show access-lists configuration EDINBURGH(config)#access-list 100 deny tcp 192. 168. 5. 72 0. 0. 0. 7 172. 16. 0. 0 0. 0. 255. 255 eq 80 EDINBURGH(config)#access-list 100 permit ip any any EDINBURGH(config)#interface fastethernet0/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)#ip access-group 100 in EDINBURGH(config-if)#exit EDINBURGH(config)#access-list 10 permit any EDINBURGH(config)#access-list 10 deny host 198. 145. 7. 1 EDINBURGH(config)#interface serial2/0 EDINBURGH(config-if)#ip access-group 10 out EDINBURGH(config-if)#exit EDINBURGH(config)#exit EDINBURGH# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console EDINBURGH#copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration [OK] EDINBURGH# [pic] EDINBURGH#show access-lists Extended IP access list 100 deny tcp 192. 168. 5. 72 0. 0. 0. 7 172. 16. 0. 0 0. 0. 255. 255 eq www permit ip any any Standard IP access list 10 permit any deny host 198. 145. 7. 1 EDINBURGH# [pic] EDINBURGHSWITCH CONFIGURATION Switchen Switch#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. Switch(config)#hostname EDINBURGHSWITCH EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#line console 0 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)#password cisco EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)#login EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)#exit EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#line vty 0 4 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)#password cisco EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)#login EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-line)#exit EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#enable password cisco EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#exit EDINBURGHSWITCH# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCH#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#enable secret class EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#exit EDINBURGHSWITCH# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCH# EDINBURGHSWITCH#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#interface vlan1 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)#ip address 192. 168. 5. 77 255. 255. 255. 240 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)#no shutdown %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Vlan1, changed state to up %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Vlan1, changed state to up EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)#ip default-gateway 192. 168. 5. 78 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#exit EDINBURGHSWITCH# %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console EDINBURGHSWITCH#copy running-config startup-config Destination filename [startup-config]? Building configuration [OK] EDINBURGHSWITCH# EDINBURGHSWITCH#vlan database % Warning: It is recommended to configure VLAN from config mode, as VLAN database mode is being deprecated. Please consult user documentation for configuring VTP/VLAN in config mode. EDINBURGHSWITCH(vlan)#vlan 10 name production VLAN 10 modified: Name: production EDINBURGHSWITCH(vlan)#vlan 20 name management VLAN 20 added: Name: management EDINBURGHSWITCH(vlan)#exit APPLY completed. EDINBURGHSWITCH#config t Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z. EDINBURGHSWITCH(config)#interface fastethernet0/2 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)#switchport mode access EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 EDINBURGHSWITCH(config-if)

Do countries really benefit from international trade

Do countries really benefit from international trade Countries do benefit from international trade in a broad way. There might be flaws as far as benefiting from international trade is concerned but there is evidence to show that many countries have benefited from this. Every country has its own expectations and targets as far as benefiting from international trade is concerned and this is something that has always differed. It is quite evident that every country goes into international trade with an aim of benefiting and this has been fulfilled in various occasions.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Do countries really benefit from international trade? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are good signs and indications to show that international trade has benefited many countries and this should be capitalized on for long term sustainability (Glyn 23). Therefore, it is undeniable that countries have benefited a lot from international trade. We live in a unique society where we can not say that we have everything thereby justifying international trade. The world has become an open economy where people can move from one place to the other without many restrictions thereby advancing trade. There is no country that has ever shied away from international trade and this is a fact. In this case, we can not say that there is any given country that lives in abundance meaning that there is everything to gain through strategic partnerships and cooperation. All the countries whether developed, developing or underdeveloped can benefit from international trade in various ways. International trade can only thrive in an environment that does not have any barriers (Watson 34). Such barriers can be looked at from an economic point of view through quotas, tariffs and other government subsidies. In cases and occasions where such aspects have been well effected and implemented, countries have benefited a lot from international trade. Such practices enable different countries to get goods and services that they are not able to produce on their own. Countries benefit from international trade because it has become the backbone of our modernity and commercial world. This can be looked at from different perspectives because there are positivity’s and negativity’s that can be realized from international trade. It is quite practical that producers from different countries can benefit and profit from a wide and open global market through international trade. There is a large population that has been lifted out of poverty through international trade. International trade enables companies to access new markets thereby employing more people from their communities and environments (Glyn 51).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In the long run, a lot of people are lifted out of poverty because they can create wealth and invest. Economists argue that people will only invest if they have a good disposable income through savings. In this case, an expanded market means that different companies will be profitable thereby giving employees’ a good package. As time goes by, people and employees invest in their societies thereby creating wealth. The general theory of comparative advantage has been put into practice through international trade thereby benefiting various countries and companies. In this case, the more it’s put into practice by people, the more it benefits countries. There are occasions where international trade has led to socio-economic inequalities but this can not override the benefits that come with it. This has only been practical where good policies and frameworks have not been put into place. As far as Adam Smith is concerned, individuals, companies and nations can be better off if they specialize in the production of a given good instead of striving to be economically self- suffi cient. This therefore justifies international trade which seeks to give people different goods and services that they can not produce in their own countries (Glyn 21). This principle of specializing in the production of a given good or service can be applied in international trade for long term sustainability. All this should be done for mutual benefits meaning that there is no country that can participate in international trade if it is not benefiting in any way. There has been an argument that countries can benefit from international trade even if a given nation is producing two different goods cheaply than the other. International trade occurs across borders and this has given different countries a big boost on their GDP as time goes by. In this case, countries that have wanted to grow their economies quickly have occasionally relied on international trade to achieve this. International trade is very lucrative than it used to be in previous years and this is because of the intere st and attention that it has been given. In this case, industrialization and globalization have changed the approach to international trade thereby giving it a new face and dimension (Watson 56). Nations have benefited from international trade through the value of peoples lives. In this case, their choice is not limited in any way which opens up borders. This means that people are not confined to what they have been given which is the nature of human beings.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Do countries really benefit from international trade? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Countries can not say that they have not benefited from international trade because it saves on costs. In this case, a nation can produce its goods in a different country that has low costs of production. Income opportunities have been created through international trade thereby benefiting locals and the country at large. Every country has its o wn laws and policies that govern international trade and this means that they should always favor them. This means that mutual understanding and corporation should work in favor of both countries. As a matter of fact, the world trade organization has been monitoring trade activities to ensure fair play. This has enabled countries to enhance their relationships thereby benefiting everybody. Problems have been identified in advance to ensure that good solutions are arrived at for long term sustainability. Through international trade, countries have been able to increase their stock of resources (Watson 71). Most notably, the supply of labor and capital has been enhanced as time goes by. Foreign investors have been instrumental in the transfer of capital through numerous business opportunities that exist in different countries. Free trade has been identified as the key concept under which international trade operates. As a matter of fact, free trade has not been practical throughout th e world. This is based on interests that different nations and individuals have as far as restricting others from their territories is concerned. The benefits of specialization and free trade can not be disputed because this is something that can be seen in the world today. There is an argument that free trade has failed to deliver what it was intended to achieve but this is based on different expectations (Glyn 29). For instance, poor countries are still poor but we can not expect international trade to solve all the problems yet other countries do not have the capacity. The ultimate aim of trade is to benefit both parties and this should be achieved through good interaction and mutual understanding. Thorough international trade, various countries have established agreements and treaties that have ensured that they benefit well. There are countries that have good economies of scale meaning that it will be much easier for other countries to shift production which is good. Internatio nal trade is very complex meaning that countries can never be equal.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In this case, it is quite obvious that a different nation will have more economic power over another but this should not be used against trade because there is something that they can benefit together (Watson 36). Consistency in trade has given countries an opportunity to reevaluate their approach to international trade thereby correcting their initial mistakes. Countries have always wanted to finance their budgets and take care of their infrastructural projects which can be enhanced through international trade. In this case, countries have ended up earning foreign money which enhances growth. As a matter of fact, this money stimulates economic growth and developmental activities that can not be achieved single handedly. Standards of living in different countries have been enhanced through international trade as people travel to different destinations to grow their business. As a producer, it is quite obvious that markets need to be expanded to enhance growth (Glyn 33). This means t hat there is nobody who can say that international trade is disastrous because everything has been going on well. Countries will continue benefiting from international trade because there is an urge and effort towards self sufficiency. This means that there should be less reliance on foreign aid to correct inequalities. Glyn, Davies. Ideas: A history of money from ancient times to the present day. Wales: University of Wales Press, 2002. Print. Watson, Peter. Ideas: A History of Thought and Invention from Fire to Freud. New York: HarperCollins, 2005. Print.

The Marketing Role in a CSR Company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Marketing Role in a CSR Company - Essay Example The marketing angles are also in line with what the different publics require from the aegis of Shell and how Shell as a global company has brought about these deliverables in a quantifiable capacity. Â  Shell has concerned itself with health, safety, and other significant issues on a worldwide basis. This has meant that quite a heavy spending has been focused towards the CSR ranks, which indeed is a very positive aspect that is brought forward by the top management at Shell. Shell believes in empowering small and medium business entrepreneurs through its different programs (Ralston 2002). It has also endeavored to provide the poor and needy the much-needed food and shelter through a series of programs, all of which are geared to uplift the image of Shell in the long run. What is more understandable is the fact that Shell has been able to give in its best for quite a while now and the same will continue to be the case in the times to come, since its measures and initiatives are very coherent and strong. Â  The role of marketing within the CSR domains is also very important for Shell since the global player within the oil company understands that if it does not involve its own self in a very reasonable way within the minds and hearts of the customers, then it would be very difficult for it to claim its place within the relevant industrial settings as well (Sims 2003). Hence Shell’s role is to come out as an honest player which it is trying its best to project in different walks of life (Bennett 2002). However, there are times when controversies do arise and more so within the aegis of whistleblowing patterns making the rounds of the top organizations in the present times. Shell’s responsibility does not end here at all. It has to keep moving forward and satisfy its publics in such a way that they feel privileged and has a very positive view of the oil company that has changed the CSR definition. Â  

Letter to the editor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Letter to the editor - Essay Example Does dieting cause weight loss?No, dieting does not cause weight loss, on the contrary it is the main contributor of obesity among many people. The reason as to why dieting results to weight gain instead of weight loss is that by not eating, one is bound to get hungry. Whereas people that are not dieting eat only once, this is not the case for persons on diet. This is because unlike their counterparts not on diet, these people consume little food but on several occasions (Brune). Hence, at the end of the day such people end up consuming more than those who are not on diet. People on diet have the belief that fats cause obesity; hence, they avoid food enriched with fats and opt for carbohydrates. According to Brune, this ends up doing more harm than good to those on diet. Studies show that too much consumption of carbohydrates promotes the increase in blood sugar levels causing high insulin levels. Insulin is directly responsible for increase of fat storage in the body. It is therefore evident that instead of weight loss, dieting plays a major role in weight gain. Although many researchers claim dieting does more harm than good to one’s body, not everyone is in agreement with this claim. This is because some researchers claim that dieting indeed causes weight loss. For instance, according to Yuhnke (2), there are certain types of food that if consumed could result to cutting of calories. According to Yuhnke, some of the foods that one ought to consume while on diet include Egg-Tofu, Sandwich pepper and Sardines pepper. Dieting is the process where one restrains from the normal consumption of food in a move to reduce his or her weight. Although many people have the perception that dieting results to weight loss, it is not the case. This is because studies show that dieting makes one fat instead of slim. The reason why dieting promotes weight gain is because it triggers body hormones hence making them behave as if they are starving and are

Neonatal Ethics Essay Example for Free

Neonatal Ethics Essay In this paper, I have described all sides of neonatal ethics and have presented my view regarding the topic. I have also managed to integrate philosophical and historical perspectives regarding neonatal care and ethics. In the end, I have given my personal opinion concerning the solution of the issues at stake. The ethical debate regarding the proper care of severely unwell infants is one of the oldest debates in medical sciences. In the present times, approaches that are extremely unusual have been taken to decide about the care of such newborns. This is the reason why it is exceedingly important to analyze the ethical concepts and arguments about many issues concerning the neonatal medicine. Such ethical debates revolve around â€Å"the value of human life; the role of best interests; the deliberate ending of life; and the withholding and withdrawing of treatment† (Brazier). It is a known fact that mankind has been facing ethical concerns since the dawn of civilization. As far as clinical situations are concerned, physicians also face ethical questions on a regular basis regarding one case or the other. However, those involved in neonatal care face a lot of ethical controversies. It is not an untold secret that ethical and moral issues regarding the treatment of neonates have penetrated into a number of features of such cases (Pueschel). When the newborns are within the first 28 days of their lives, they are known as neonates. As far as neonatal intensive care units are concerned, they frequently accommodate and look after for babies who fall in any of the three categories i. e. babies born premature having birth weight that is very low, babies born after nine months (full-term babies) having severe conditions or babies born with inherited abnormalities (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). However tremendous changes have taken place in the modern times and it is now more than five decades that â€Å"neonatal medicine has been practiced to provide specialized and intensive care measures aimed at improving the health and survival of premature and critically ill newborns† (Carter). In the contemporary world, the ethical issues generally revolve around the decision making for the betterment of neonates. Such decisions entail the consideration and evaluation of treatment and assessing whether it would be helpful or ineffective for the wellbeing of the little individual. Thus both short-term and long-term scenarios related to the health of the child are considered while taking any certain decision. The two issues that are of main concern in the process of decision making are the likelihood to survive therapeutic/remedial involvement and the quality of life in the future. It is important here to mention the most renowned case of neonatal decision-making regarding Baby Doe. The child was born with Down’s syndrome and a tracheal-esophageal fistula in 1982. The parents opted for the hard choice and agreed to not repair the fistula with surgical intervention. They decided so because it was in the best interest of the child. They did not want their child to continue living a depended and quality-lacking life given by Down’s syndrome. In the end, starvation ultimately took Baby Doe’s life (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). When neonatal context is discussed, decision making in this regard is rather multifaceted and difficult. The parents of seriously ill neonates have to consult with the care providers and in most of the cases, have to make decisions concerning the newborns’ life-and-death treatment. It is too difficult to decide about the fate of a child who is being awaited for so long. At the same time as it is burdensome for parents to decide the outcome of their child’s life, parents are put in a difficult position to decide so with no clear decision-making process. As a consequence, parents are often given assistance by providers and make illogical, stress-laden and uninformed choices that are not based on systematic analysis but on intuition. As a matter of fact, majority of the opted methods do â€Å"correspond with what is in the best interests of their newborn† (Panicola 723). On the other hand, in few cases, the decisions made by parents result in non-treatment decisions for babies who must be given a chance for survival and treatment decisions for neonates who must not be given a chance to survive due to their extremely poor physical condition (Panicola 723). There may be mandatory, elective or ineffective treatment based on the neonatal cases’ unique aspects. However, the physicians and parents decide to continue with a particular kind of treatment after observing the prognosis of a newborn. If the prognosis looks good, they eventually decide for medical intervention necessary to keep the newborn alive. On the other hand, there are a number of cases where parents refuse to involve medical intercession for the treatment of their child. In such occasional circumstances, hospitals take the help of their ethicists for seeking a court order so that the decisions of the parents may be made ineffective and treatment can be initiated for the betterment of the newborn. The situation turns out to be more notorious when there is no adequate knowledge regarding the prognosis of a neonate and the parents are given the choice to discuss their options about the treatment with the physician (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). Thus, it is when bioethics comes into scene that deals with the limitations, commitments and responsibilities of all the people who are a major part of the decision-making progress. As a final point, there are also a number of cases when medical intervention is considered pointless and unsuccessful, nevertheless the doctors and parents insist to treat the newborn. In such circumstances, treatment is regarded as tremendously troublesome and tentative thereby pointing out that there are small chances of surviving treatment with quality of life in the least. As far as bioethics evaluation is concerned, it considers the patient rights, parental rights and physician duties and responsibilities (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). It is important to mention here that in the last four to five decades, there has been a momentous development in the technology, skills and medicinal/therapeutic interventions in the neonatal intensive care unit (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). Also, technical capabilities have been improved drastically allowing more speedy and accurate diagnosis, efficient scrutiny and supervision and unambiguous treatment. Special-care nursery beds are now available in large numbers and the number of important people including the professionals and specialists has also increased for the successful treatment of God’s susceptible population (Carter). Although such a notable development in neonatal care has brought up stories of joy and miraculous recovery of the newborn, there have been depressing and painful stories where the newborns ended up with severe disabilities (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). As a consequence, bioethics can be helpful and facilitate both physicians and parents in solving issues related to the â€Å"regulation on use of experimental technological developments and by providing guidance in controversial situations† (Bioethical Issues Neonatal Ethics). If the pages of the past are turned, it is rather obvious that the percentage of premature babies who managed to survive was very low. However, in the last three decades, the advancements in technologies and medical developments at the beginning of life have totally revolutionized the likability of babies’ survival that born before 28 weeks of gestation. In the current times, it has been recorded that in developed countries like United Kingdom, more than eighty percent pre-mature babies manage to survive and a good number of the little creatures even survive at gestation period of just twenty-three weeks. Such advancements and developments are rather exciting. However, at the same time, concerns have raised regarding the human and financial cost of such progressions in the care of neonates. According to the research, more or less twenty percent of the survivors who were born extremely premature have ninety-nine percent chances of having disabilities like cerebral palsy. A majority of such survivors are also likely to be challenged with academic and behavioral problems once they are in schools (Wyatt 1). Therefore, a lot of people are concerned whether attempts to save the life of such weak neonates is a sensible utilization of resources or not. Another contradiction in this regard is that even as huge investments are made for making it possible for a newborn to survive, the abortion of fetuses is also tolerated for social reasons. Thus, as far as ethical dilemmas are concerned, they are not only raised by the premature babies but also by babies who have grave complicated congenital malformations at the time of birth. These malformations may be in heart, nervous system, brain, lungs etc. Thus, the ethical concerns regarding neonatal care is that whether such babies must be treated or medical intervention be withheld? (Wyatt 1). As far as the historical perspective and philosophies regarding the issue of neonatal care is concerned, a number of different societies all over the world have considered newborn babies as being less valuable when compared with the adults. In Greek and Roman societies, infanticide i. e. the deliberate killings of newborns and the exposure of infants was a practice that was acknowledged commonly and practiced far and wide. As the mentioned societies characterized themselves for athleticism, power and strength so it was not a surprising thing that those people looked down on and hated babies who were weak, dependent and immature. Thus, an individual child was given importance on the basis of his likable future contributions to the society as a mature adult. Regrettably, no rules and regulations and laws were there that prohibited people from murdering the helpless and ill babies. Sorry to say, in some cases, even the newborn babies who were in good physical health did not have protection by social custom or lawful decrees. It is a bitter reality that killing of malformed babies was considered important for the maintenance of the quality of the civilians. Similar practices were also common in some parts of the Eastern world (Wyatt 1). As far as the secular perspective in this regard is concerned, a number of contemporary philosophers today have accepted the fact that unwanted babies were killed or allowed to die and it was not an abnormal practice in many of the societies in the historical times and societies. It is also claimed that even today people do not consider the murdering of unwanted babies as unethical and this is evident from the fact that prenatal diagnosis and abortion for fetal abnormality is now accepted by a lot of people and societies. Thus, this acceptance crystal clearly demonstrates that even the modern societies of today value the life of a child on his/her physical strength and healthiness and his/her prospected future contributions as an adult citizen for the society (Wyatt 2). Neonatal care raises a number of ethical issues including the deserving neonates who must be given prenatal and neonatal specialty care, the person/group responsible for paying for the care, whether neonatal intensive care costs are acceptable or not, the assurance and equitable distribution of the care, whether babies require intensive care or not, the burdensome consequences of neonatal intensive care, the decision-maker and on what basis decisions are made. These mentioned issues create dilemmas for the healthcare professionals as they obstruct the process of provision of neonatal intensive care. To some extent, these ethical issues concerning neonatal care throw light on the values of the healthcare professions, patients, parents and families. It is important to mention that that these issues are not to be ignores as the failure to acknowledge them may devalue the cultural influences that may shape up a society and human interactions. As already mentioned, neonatal medicinal advancements have provided more options to the physicians and parents. However, what must be done is still a complex decision for them as risks of deaths and disabilities have also increased. This ethical issue has been the factor of conflict between parents and doctors and in a number of cases; guidance was required through courts (Laurance 42). The research suggests that neonates must not be given medical aid and be allowed to breathe their last â€Å"when the struggle to save them results in intolerable suffering that outweighs the babys interest in continuing to live† (Laurance 42). As far as my opinion is concerned, I believe that it is the obligation of a doctor to preserve the life of a human being wherever and whenever possible. As far as neonates are concerned, these babies always have a chance to survive in the future and there have been cases when extremely premature babies were enabled to live a full life. One of the most encouraging aspects in this regard is that in the last decade, the rate of survival of exceedingly weak babies has more or less doubled. I strongly believe that the physicians and parents/guardians must not attempt to do anything that may put a stop to the continued existence of a little one simply for the reason that he/she won’t be a healthy and contributing adult in the future due to his unhealthy severe physical condition (Laurance 42). However, it is unfortunate that all the answers of the mentioned dilemmas are rather difficult as there is always a clash between values conflict and principles of morality. In addition to this, it is also not easy to agree upon a consistent situation where beneficence can be chosen over autonomy and vice versa. A majority of people hold on to both the sides of the conflict i. e. â€Å"the respect for persons principle and to the principle of beneficence† that helps them to decide about the particular actions that may result in the best consequences for the patient and the family. Unfortunately, there is no special recipe that may facilitate the involved people to decide about what is the best thing to do in situations when there is a conflict between these principles. This is also not fair to stick to one decision and disregard the other options. Thus, the best thing that can be done by a decision maker in the occurrence of such conflicts is to do a deep analysis of the situation in the most cautious manner and try to identify the values at risk and all people who may be affected by the outcomes of the decision. For sure, the patient’s interests must be the top priority before the interests of others involved (Macklin). To cut a long story short, it is better not to utilize the neonatal intensive care â€Å"when the death of the baby can only be postponed temporarily, at the price of severe suffering, or when survival is associated with severe disabilities and an intolerable life for the child and the family† (Orzalesi). This is because in some unique circumstances, the best alternative for the betterment of the child is to withhold or withdraw intensive treatment.